dynamically merge in its corresponding AST (i.e. by loading a file from disk and using ASTMergeAction).
A few problems with this approach include figuring out which
translation unit needs to be picked up for merging (something you
can't figure out from within a single clang compiler instance, without
two-pass run through the build), incompleteness of the current
implementation of the ASTImporter class (even though it has recently
been significantly improved), and also there are numerous troubles
with merging you may encounter, depending on the complexity of your
project (eg., if the project is compiled for multiple architectures
simultaneously, or has conflicting definitions in multiple translation
units, etc.).
Our team once had a look at this as well and made a simple
proof-of-concept implementation, but it's not any close to
release-able yet.