Hi.
I need to write a function pass that insert nop instruction in function. Examples of these instructions are: %nop = add i1 0, 0 or %nop = alloca i1, i1 0. This link couldn’t help me: http://llvm.org/docs/ProgrammersManual.html#creating-and-inserting-new-instructions
I need a clear example about inserting new instruction. Anyone can help me?
Thanks.
Hi Zahra,
What the problem do you have?
Could you provide your code?
Kind regards,
Evgeny Astigeevich
Hi,
What are you trying to achieve? Inserting NOPs into LLVM IR is likely to be pointless, as optimisations (in the IR or SelectionDAG) will remove them before machine code generation. If you want to insert NOPs into the generated machine code, then this will not help you (you could insert inline assembly containing nops into the IR).
David
I would like to use “new instruction()” or similar instruction that generate an NOP instruction and then insert it, randomly, between instructions of function basic blocks. But link doesn’t provide a good example and limits to alloca instruction.
My pass runs after optimization passes.
Hi,
Given that you are using LLVM-IR, I expect that instruction selection occurs after your pass and instruction selection also applies optimizations. In particular, when the SelectionDAG is built it will eliminate (via constant folding) the ‘%nop = add i1 0, 0’ you added to the LLVM-IR.
If you are trying to insert nop’s into the resulting assembly then you should probably be trying to insert them at a very late stage of the backend instead. Different IR’s based on MachineInstr and MCInst are used in these later stages.
Hi Zahra,
The following simple pass inserts NOP:
///////////////////////////////////////
#include “llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h”
#include “llvm/IR/BasicBlock.h”
#include “llvm/IR/Instructions.h”
#include “llvm/Pass.h”
#include “llvm/IR/Constants.h”
using namespace llvm;
namespace {
class NopI : public BasicBlockPass {
public:
static char ID;
NopI() : BasicBlockPass(ID) {
initializeNopIPass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
}
bool runOnBasicBlock(BasicBlock &BB) override;
};
}
bool NopI::runOnBasicBlock(BasicBlock &BB) {
Instruction *I = BB.getFirstNonPHIOrDbg();
assert(I);
Value* V = ConstantInt::get(Type::getInt8Ty(BB.getContext()), 0);
BinaryOperator::Create(Instruction::Add, V, V, “nop”, I);
return true;
}
char NopI::ID = 0;
BasicBlockPass *llvm::createNopIPass() { return new NopI(); }
INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(NopI, “nopi”, “NOP”, false, false)
INITIALIZE_PASS_END(NopI, “nopi”, “NOP”, false, false)
///////////////////////////////////////
I checked:
Before:
; :2 ; preds = %13, %0
%3 = load i32, i32* %i, align 4
%4 = icmp ult i32 %3, 32
br i1 %4, label %5, label %16
After: opt -S -nopi -o test_.ll test.ll
; :2 ; preds = %13, %0
%nop1 = add i8 0, 0
%3 = load i32, i32* %i, align 4
%4 = icmp ult i32 %3, 32
br i1 %4, label %5, label %16
Kind regards,
Evgeny Astigeevich
Dear All,
To add to this, you can find examples of inserting NOPs for X86 in the CFI pass originally written at Lehigh University that we ported to 64-bit X86 for SVA:
https://github.com/jtcriswell/SVA/blob/master/llvm/lib/Target/X86/X86CFIOptPass.cpp
Alternatively, you could use an InlineAsm call at the LLVM IR level (which I think would be easier to implement).
Regards,
John Criswell
Thanks all. Your comments help me very much.
I've got a pending patch for LLVM (which has been stalled for a while,
totally my fault) to insert NOPs for artificial software diversity.
You can check out the patch at http://reviews.llvm.org/D6983
- stephen